First, the sound insulation of the room:
Sound insulation is the best way to solve the "crosstalk". In theory, the higher the hardness of the material, the better the sound insulation effect. The most common decoration method is the light steel keel gypsum board partition wall. Although the sound-absorbing cotton is placed in the middle, the sound insulation effect is very poor due to insufficient quality. Most of the KTVs in Beijing use this method of decoration, and the sound insulation effect is very poor. A KTV that is being renovated in Fangzhuang area of ​​Beijing also adopts this decoration method. When the effect of the sound equipment is tested, the crosstalk phenomenon is serious. There is no way for investors to hire an acoustic expert to study the modification plan. The original can be extended only a few days ago. The delay in time has caused incalculable economic losses for investors. Therefore, it is recommended that those who are preparing to decorate karaoke entertainment venues must consider the sound insulation of the room before renovation.
So what materials should be used for soundproof walls?
The economical and practical first choice is 2/4 red brick wall and cement wall on both sides. This partition wall must be built to the top. If you need to go through the ventilation duct or other wiring, you should punch the hole. You should pay attention to the sealing problem of the pipeline. Otherwise, crosstalk can also occur. Followed by sound insulation wall panels, this material is a professional sound insulation material, on both sides is a foamed plastic with sound insulation in the middle of the metal sheet, the greater the thickness of this wall board, the better the sound insulation effect. In some places, due to the weight problem, brick walls or other wall-building methods cannot be used. Only light steel keel gypsum board can be used. Our suggestion is to add a layer of harder cement board to the outside of the gypsum board. This cement board has the same appearance as the gypsum board (the size is similar), but the hardness is much higher than that of the gypsum board. It is a good sound insulation material. It should be noted that the construction process is problematic, especially the part of the gap must be sealed.
The sound insulation effect is checked by normal music in a room, and the attenuation of the sound is measured one meter at the door. For example, the sound pressure level in the room is 90 dB, and the sound pressure level measured at one meter outside the room is 60 dB. Indicates that the sound is 30 dB.
The treatment of the door of the room is also a difficult problem in the decoration design. The processing of the door of the recording studio is professional, the sound insulation effect is very good, but the cost is very high. Usually, the price of a soundproof door is as low as 4 to 5,000 yuan, and more On the million. At present, it is more practical to use a one-piece molding door and a sealing strip on the side of the door. The sound insulation effect of the door closer is not bad (relative to the ordinary door).
The term "social living noise" as used in this Law refers to the noise generated by human activities that interferes with the surrounding living environment in addition to industrial noise, construction noise and traffic noise.
The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Noise Pollution stipulates that in the concentrated areas of noise-sensitive buildings in urban areas, commercial enterprises that cause environmental noise pollution due to the use of fixed equipment in commercial business activities must comply with the regulations of the environmental protection administrative department of the State Council. Report to the local environmental protection administrative department of the local people's government at or above the county level where the equipment causing environmental noise pollution and the facilities that prevent environmental noise pollution; the boundary noise of newly-built commercial cultural and entertainment venues must conform to the national regulations. If the noise emission standard does not meet the environmental noise emission standards stipulated by the state, the administrative department of culture shall not issue a business license; the cultural and entertainment venues in operation shall have effective measures to ensure that the boundary noise does not exceed the national regulations. Noise emission standards; prohibit the use of high-pitched broadcast horns in commercial business activities or other methods of attracting customers with high noise; use air conditioners, cooling towers, etc., which may generate environmental noise, in commercial operations The operation manager shall take measures to make the boundary noise not exceed the national environmental noise emission standards; prohibit any unit or individual from using the high-pitched broadcast horn in the urban noise-sensitive building concentration area; Public places such as plazas and parks organize entertainment, gatherings, etc., and the use of audio equipment may cause excessive volume that interferes with the surrounding living environment, and must comply with the regulations of local public security organs.
Second, the room's reverberation:
This problem has always been controversial. Some acoustic experts believe that strong sound absorption is conducive to improving the clarity and sound localization of sound. Some experts believe that sound should be fully diffused to improve the sound and sound of the entire space. I think that clarity and loudness can't be ignored. The sound should be fully spread under the premise of ensuring clarity. I personally oppose the decoration method of "soft bag" in the full room. I have visited many high-end luxury KTVs, and the decoration looks gorgeous, but it is very laborious to sing songs. How much reverberation time should the room be? This problem is related to the size of the room. The larger the room, the longer the reverberation time should be. Some KTV venues design the room into an irregular shape. The sofa and the decoration cleverly solve the sound defects and avoid resonance, resonance and resonance of the sound.
Some audio experts believe that the reverberation problem in the room is not very large, because modern digital technology can completely solve the quality of sound delivery through scientific technical processing. We don't doubt this, but KTV's investment is definitely unacceptable. The length and duration of the reverberation should be relative. Do not deliberately decorate the room into a strong sound absorption type in order to reduce the reverberation. Appropriate sound absorption is necessary, especially the top treatment should not be made into a "cavity" structure, ceiling It should be as high as possible. The larger the room space (cubic meters), the better the sound spread.
When sound waves travel in a KTV room, they are reflected by obstacles such as walls, ceilings, floors, sofas, and decorative items. Each reflection must be absorbed by obstacles. In this way, when the sound source stops sounding, the sound wave is reflected and absorbed multiple times in the room, and finally disappears. We feel that the sound continues for a while after the sound source stops sounding. This phenomenon is called reverberation, and this time is called reverberation time. The length of the reverberation time is an important acoustic characteristic of entertainment venues such as karaoke. Welcome to Home Theater Network
For KTV rooms, the reverberation time is obviously not too long. Because the room does not exceed 100 square meters, we usually sing, about 2 to 3 words per second, assuming two words "love you", imagine the reverberation time is 2 seconds, then, in the word "love" After the sound, although the sound intensity gradually weakened, it still lasted for a while (1 second). At the moment when the sound of "you" was issued, the sound strength of "you" was still quite large. Therefore, the sounds of the two words are mixed together and nothing can be heard. However, the reverberation time should not be too short. If it is too short, the loudness is not enough and it is not clear. So you need to choose an optimal reverberation time. Usually the karaoke room reverberation time is between 0.5 and 1 second. If the reverberation time is too short, the concert will be difficult. If the reverberation time is too long, it will affect the clarity of the sound, and it will cause a whistle.
Experienced acoustic experts will skillfully use the changes in the decoration structure and the combination of different materials to solve the acoustic problems of the sound field environment. The decoration we saw in many places did not use the "soft bag" at all, and it was very easy and natural to sing. [page]
Third, the structure of the room:
Some acoustic experts are introducing the so-called "golden ratio" which means that the ratio of height, width and length of a room is a condition that directly affects the sound field. When the ratio is appropriate, the resonance frequency of the room is evenly distributed. "Acoustics" usually The ratio of the push is "golden law", which is 0.618:1:1.618. This is known as the "golden law." None of the KTV rooms we have seen meet this golden ratio. However, some places use a very good sound system, and the results are really good when singing. The key question is whether it can solve all aspects of KTV in a comprehensive way. Of course, the acoustic problem is the basic problem. Therefore, we observe through the latest design concepts in foreign countries, the structural design of the room is clever, and the acoustic problems are solved. The decoration effect is also very innovative.
The sound field of the karaoke private room is different from the general theater and hall. The biggest feature is that the small room is easy to cause whistling, so the sound field conditions of the karaoke room are very complicated, and the acoustic design is sometimes more difficult than the theater design.
The ingenious combination of decoration design and decorative design is the best way to effectively solve the problem of sound diffusion. The design of the control room of the studio is our best reference model. For example, the control room of more than 10 studios introduced by MIX magazine in 2004 in the United States, the acoustic design is to use different drop and diffuser structure, such sound field structure can be effective To improve the clarity and loudness of the sound, the irregular type (relative) avoids the problem that the same frequency and phase cancel each other out. Of course, it cannot be designed as a deformed structure. It is necessary to analyze according to the specific environment, and the acoustic problem that can destroy the sound effect is solved structurally. Some KTV rooms use plush toys or tapestry decorations, and the larger rooms have a lot of flowers and plants, which can improve the sound field effect of the room. We have conducted acoustic tests for a KTV room in an international club in Beijing. Since the floor of the room is marble, the ceiling of the room is a plasterboard and it is a "cavity" structure. In this room, it is unclear to speak normally. The voice became "a pot of porridge." It is obviously not economical to renovate the decoration and it is not economical. We suggest adding a decoration in the room to solve the problem of poor sound field. We hung a flower shelf on the ceiling, and then bought some fake vines, which were covered with the entire flower shelf. The room turned into a greenhouse with green plants. The sound field improved the singing effect obviously. The guests who came in this room sang. It will be returned in a moment, and now this room has become the most used one.
Fourth, the furniture of the room:
The furniture of KTV rooms is usually composed of sofas, coffee tables, TV cabinets, bar tables and chairs (medium and large private rooms). These furnitures have improved the sound field to a certain extent. Hard materials should be used in the selection. Do not use the plywood outside the frame structure. This structure is easy to generate resonance.
We know that the material of the sofa has a certain sound-absorbing effect. The looser the material, the more the sound-absorbing effect is. On the contrary, the denser the material, the smoother the sound-absorbing effect is. The sound absorption effect of cotton is greater than that of leather.
In fact, the person we sing is itself a sound absorber. The more people smoke, the more they absorb. What we care about most is the location of the furniture. The distance between the audio equipment and the singer is as far as possible, so that the diffusivity of the sound will be better.
The things placed on the furniture itself are: songbooks, vases and flowers, microphone trays, promotional advertisements, etc. These things all work for sound, some are sound-absorbing, some are reflective, and some are diffuse. This kind of irregularity is very helpful for the sound, especially if some sounds are reflected to the microphone through the coffee table, it will cause howling, and the presence of these things can be avoided. Welcome to Home Theater Network
Fifth, the decoration materials of the room:
The decoration materials of the KTV private room are directly related to the sound field parameters. From the point of view of environmental protection, environmentally-friendly materials should be used in the decoration design. In some places, the design is very luxurious, and people will shed tears in the room (stimulation of chemicals). This room can only be used and cannot be used. On the one hand, it is necessary to use environmentally-friendly materials for decoration, and on the other hand, materials suitable for acoustic decoration, such as mineral wool sound-absorbing panels, etc., should be used.
We sing in a very good sound environment. In fact, we sing in the decoration materials. The goodness and badness of the materials are directly related to people's health and sound quality. We require the decoration design to choose environmentally friendly under the premise of ensuring sound quality. Decoration materials.
Sixth, the acoustic requirements of the room 1, background noise: KTV private room is not like a studio, the background noise fills the entire room. The noise is too high, which improves the listening range of the signal, destroying the sound quality of the sound signal, resulting in a decrease in clarity and intelligibility. External noise requires sound insulation, and internal noise needs to be controlled when selecting equipment. The lower the background noise, the better.
2. Reverberation time: The length of the reverberation time of the KTV private room and the reverberation intensity have a great influence on the sound quality. When the time is long, the sound will be turbid, affecting the clarity and intelligibility; if the reverberation time is too short, the sound will be very dry and squeaky when singing, lacking brightness and feeling thick. For the KTV private room to sing easily, there is no feedback (howling).
3. Diffusion: Diffusivity is an important indicator of the acoustics of today's KTV rooms. The uniformity of sound diffusion means that the sound pressure level at each point is controlled within a certain range, which requires that the sound is evenly distributed in the private room under a certain sound amplification gain.
4, frequency response characteristics: KTV private room decoration materials will produce different sound absorption characteristics. The difference in absorption and reflection creates a problem with the frequency response. The rational environment is that the sound field in the private room should be more evenly reflected and absorbed for each frequency. Otherwise distortion and distortion will occur.
5. Sound Focusing: When the sound wave hits the concave interface, the sound will produce an acoustic focusing phenomenon. The sound is particularly loud at a certain point, and the sound pressure in the room is uneven. Seriously, it is impossible to sing in this area. When the microphone is taken here, it will produce a howling.
6. Sound shadow area: It is because the object (obstacle) in the compartment blocks the area where the sound should be radiated. The sound pressure level in this area is significantly lower than in other areas. Causes uneven sound diffusion. Reasonable decoration can use the sound and shadow area to set up a relatively independent bar area or private area.
7. Clarity: The clarity of KTV rooms is a very important indicator. For music, clarity refers to the layering of sound, the intensity of sound and the positioning of sound image. Different sound sources have different requirements for clarity. We sing our own songs in the private room, first of all the clarity of the singer.
8. Acoustic dyeing: Different materials and structures in the private room will cause acoustic dyeing. Since the sound encounters different reflectors when it is diffused, when the reflection interface or the reflection object resonates, the original sound is added with no timbre component, thereby changing the sound quality of the sound is sound dyeing. We should avoid acoustic dyeing in the selection of materials and construction work.
The above are the acoustic problems that are often encountered in the decoration of KTV rooms. We have adopted a simple and easy-to-understand method. These knowledge can't be taught by the students. It should be analyzed according to the specific situation and flexibly master the acoustic technology in the sound decoration. The result is more important than the test data. When we sing to a certain KTV, we will not sing with the acoustic instruments, but we will pick up the microphone and sing a song. Try to sing whether it is easy and natural, and there is no serious distortion.
Xinxiang Mina Import & Export Co., Ltd. , https://www.mina-motor.cn